English grammar · Tenses

Present Continuous: Formula, Uses and Exercises

Everything you need to use the present continuous correctly: the formula, when to use it, signal words, common mistakes and exercises with answers.

Quick answer

Actions happening now, or temporary situations. Affirmative: S + am/is/are + V-ing; Negative: S + am/is/are + not + V-ing; Interrogative: Am/Is/Are + S + V-ing? Signal words: now, right now, at the moment, currently, today, Look! / Listen!.

Present Continuous formula

FormStructureExample
AffirmativeS + am/is/are + V-ing
I + am | He/She/It + is | You/We/They + are
I am studying English now.
Spelling with -ing: drop a final -e (make → making), double a final consonant (run → running)
NegativeS + am/is/are + not + V-ingShe is not (isn't) working today.
Contractions: is not = isn't, are not = aren't
InterrogativeAm/Is/Are + S + V-ing?Are you listening to me?
Short answers: Yes, I am. / No, I'm not.

When to use the present continuous

1. Actions happening right now

Describes an action in progress at the moment of speaking.

She is reading a book right now.

2. Temporary situations

Describes an action or situation that is temporary rather than permanent.

I am staying with my friend this week.

3. Annoying habits (with 'always')

Used with 'always' to show irritation at something that keeps happening.

He is always losing his keys!

Signal words

WordExampleNote
nowI am eating now.
right nowShe is sleeping right now.
at the momentHe is studying at the moment.
currentlyWe are currently working on the project.
todayI am working from home today.
Look! / Listen!Look! The bird is flying!Used to draw attention to what is happening right now

Tips and common mistakes

Present Continuous exercises with answers

Fill in the blank, then open the answer to check it.

1. Look! The children ___ in the garden.

Options: are playing · play · played · plays

Show answer

are playing. "Look!" signals that the action is happening right now, so the present continuous is used.

2. She ___ (study) for her exam right now.

Options: is study · is studyed · is studying

Show answer

is studying. "Right now" tells you the action is in progress, so the present continuous: she + is + studying.

3. I ___ a question right now. (ask)

Options: am asking · had asked · was asking · will have asked

Show answer

am asking. "right now" shows that this is happening at the moment of speaking, so this sentence uses the Present Continuous tense. The formula is am/is/are + V-ing. The subject "I" goes with "am" so the answer is "am asking".

4. Tom ___ money at the moment. (save)

Options: are saving · is saving · saves · saving

Show answer

is saving. "at the moment" shows that this is happening at the moment of speaking, so this sentence uses the Present Continuous tense. The formula is am/is/are + V-ing. The subject "Tom" goes with "is" so the answer is "is saving".

5. I ___ a letter at present. (write)

Options: am writing · has written · have written · was writing

Show answer

am writing. "at present" shows that this is happening at the moment of speaking, so this sentence uses the Present Continuous tense. The formula is am/is/are + V-ing. The subject "I" goes with "am" so the answer is "am writing".

6. The teacher ___ the door right now. (close)

Options: are closing · have been closing · is closing · was closing

Show answer

is closing. "right now" shows that this is happening at the moment of speaking, so this sentence uses the Present Continuous tense. The formula is am/is/are + V-ing. The subject "The teacher" goes with "is" so the answer is "is closing".

7. The neighbours ___ at the moment. (dance)

Options: are dancing · had danced · was dancing · will dance

Show answer

are dancing. "at the moment" shows that this is happening at the moment of speaking, so this sentence uses the Present Continuous tense. The formula is am/is/are + V-ing. The subject "The neighbors" goes with "are" so the answer is "are dancing".

8. The dog ___ at present. (bark)

Options: had barked · had been barking · is barking · will be barking

Show answer

is barking. "at present" shows that this is happening at the moment of speaking, so this sentence uses the Present Continuous tense. The formula is am/is/are + V-ing. The subject "The dog" goes with "is" so the answer is "is barking".

9. My friends ___ a treehouse right now. (build)

Options: are building · building · had been building · will be building

Show answer

are building. "right now" shows that this is happening at the moment of speaking, so this sentence uses the Present Continuous tense. The formula is am/is/are + V-ing. The subject "My friends" goes with "are" so the answer is "are building".

10. Tom ___ the hill at the moment. (climb)

Options: climb · have been climbing · is climbing · will have climbed

Show answer

is climbing. "at the moment" shows that this is happening at the moment of speaking, so this sentence uses the Present Continuous tense. The formula is am/is/are + V-ing. The subject "Tom" goes with "is" so the answer is "is climbing".

11. My brother ___ the weekend here at present. (spend)

Options: are spending · has been spending · have been spending · is spending

Show answer

is spending. "at present" shows that this is happening at the moment of speaking, so this sentence uses the Present Continuous tense. The formula is am/is/are + V-ing. The subject "My brother" goes with "is" so the answer is "is spending".

12. The workers ___ the ladder right now. (hold)

Options: are holding · hold · holds · will have held

Show answer

are holding. "right now" shows that this is happening at the moment of speaking, so this sentence uses the Present Continuous tense. The formula is am/is/are + V-ing. The subject "The workers" goes with "are" so the answer is "are holding".

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